Part 5: A Gentle Introduction to Euclidean Vector Space — Introduction Most of the time in both machine learning and deep learning, we are working with vectors. And the vector space model can represent the relationship between data as vectors. …

Part 4: A comprehensive step-by-step guide to solving a linear system with LU Decomposition — The first article of this Linear Algebra series has introduced how to solve a linear system using Gaussian elimination and the previous article also explained how to find an inverse matrix and also how to use the inverse matrix to solve the linear system. …

Part 3: A comprehensive step-by-step guide to finding the inverse matrix using elementary row operations and determinants of the matrix — The previous article explained the different matrix operations and corresponding operations. This article will dive deep into two different methods on how to get the inverse matrix using elementary row operations and using determinants of the matrix. Inverse Matrix

Part 2: Explaining the fundamental of linear algebra: matrix operations, and their properties — The previous article introduced what linear equations and linear systems are and how linear systems could be rewritten into the form of matrices. Therefore, it is important to know different operations on matrices and corresponding properties. Matrix and Vector Matrix is a rectangular array of numbers with m rows and n columns where…

Part 1: Explaining the fundamental of linear algebra: systems of linear equations, and matrices — Introduction Linear algebra is crucial in multiple areas of science and engineering in general. It is central to almost all areas of mathematics. For instance, equations are usually used to model real-life problems and multi-variables problems can be modeled by equation systems. And even non-linear equations systems can be transformed into…

The complete beginner’s guide to perform two-way ANOVA test (with code!) — ANOVA tests are designed to test for any statistically significant differences between means of three or more groups. There are two types of ANOVA (analysis of variance) that are commonly used, one-way ANOVA test and two-way ANOVA test. The only difference is the number of independent variables that affect the…

The Complete Beginner’s Guide to The Gambler’s Ruin Problem with concept explanation and mathematical derivation — In this article, I will introduce one of the statistics concepts, the Gambler’s Ruin Problem. This concept is relevant to gamblers when a gambler who raises his or her bet to a fixed fraction after a win but does not reduce it after a loss, will eventually go broke. [2]…

Overview of 3 most important machine learning paradigms: Supervised Learning, Unsupervised Learning, Reinforcement Learning — There are many machine learning paradigms. The three most important paradigms are: Supervised Learning Unsupervised Learning Reinforcement Learning The learning strategies in these 3 paradigms are very different and I will go through them one by one in the following section.

The Complete Beginner’s Guide to perform McNemar’s Test (with code!) — In this article, I will introduce the fundamental of McNemar’s test, a statistical method for comparing proportions from two dependent populations. [1] It is a type of paired chi-square test (χ2), but this time, both populations are dependent. Only used for paired nominal data. 1. Before-after comparison data, to uncover any…